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Nigeria’s GDP Records 5% Growth For Second Quarter

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National Bureau of Statistics
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Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew by 5.01% (year-on-year) in real terms in the second quarter of 2021, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) has said.

The NBS disclosed this in the latest report on the nation’s GDP entitled Nigerian Gross Domestic Product Report (Q2 2021) released on Thursday.

It explained that the increase in the GDP index marked three consecutive quarters of growth following the negative growth rates recorded in the second and third quarters of 2020.

“The Q2 2021 growth rate was higher than the -6.10% growth rate recorded in Q2 2020 and the 0.51% recorded in Q1 2021 year-on-year, indicating the return of business and economic activity near levels seen prior to the nationwide implementation of COVID-19 related restrictions,” the report read.

“The steady recovery observed since the end of 2020, with the gradual return of commercial activity, as well as local and international travel, accounted for the significant increase in growth performance relative to the second quarter of 2020 when nationwide restrictions took effect.

“Year to date, real GDP grew 2.70% in 2021 compared to -2.18% for the first half of 2020.”

But the real GDP (quarter-on-quarter) grew at -0.79% in Q2 2021 compared to Q1 2021, indicating slightly slower economic activity than the preceding quarter due largely to seasonality.

In the quarter under review, the NBS revealed that the aggregate GDP stood at N39,123,713.32 million in nominal terms – higher than the second quarter of 2020 with aggregate GDP of N34,023,197.60 million, indicating a year-on-year nominal growth rate of 14.99%.

It added that the nominal GDP growth rate in Q2 2021 was higher than -2.80% growth recorded in the second quarter of 2020 when economic activities slowed sharply at the outset of the pandemic.

“The Q2 2021 nominal growth rate was also higher than 12.25% growth recorded in Q1 2021,” the agency said.

Oil, Non-Oil Sectors

In the oil sector, the NBS disclosed that the average daily oil production stood at 1.61 million barrels per day (mbpd) in Q2 2021, saying the value was -0.19mbpd lower than the average daily production of 1.81mbpd recorded in the same quarter of 2020, and -0.10mbpd lower than the 1.72mbpd recorded in the first quarter of 2021.

It stated that the real growth of the oil sector was –12.65% (year-on-year) in Q2 2021, indicating a decrease of –6.02% points relative to the growth rate recorded in the corresponding quarter of 2020.

Data from the report showed that growth decreased by – 10.44% points when compared to Q1 2021 which was –2.21%.

“For the first half of 2021, real GDP was recorded at -7.13%, compared to -0.80% for the first half of 2020, the performance reflecting lower oil output.

“Quarter-on-quarter, the oil sector recorded a growth rate of -20.35% in Q2 2021. The Oil sector contributed 7.42% to total real GDP in Q2 2021, down from figures recorded in the corresponding period of 2020, and down compared to the preceding quarter, where it contributed 8.93% and 9.25% respectively,” the report said.

It added, “The non-oil sector grew by 6.74% in real terms during the reference quarter (Q2 2021). The Q2 2021 growth rate was higher by 12.80% points compared to the rate recorded in the same quarter of 2020 and 5.95% points higher than the first quarter of 2021.”

The NBS explained that during the quarter, the sector was driven mainly by growth in Trade, Information and Communication (Telecommunication), Transportation (Road Transport), Electricity, Agriculture (Crop Production) and Manufacturing (Food, Beverage & Tobacco), reflecting the easing of movement, business and economic activity across the country relative to the same period a year earlier.

“In real terms, the non-oil sector contributed 92.58% to the nation’s GDP in the second quarter of 2021, higher from shares recorded in the second quarter of 2020 which was 91.07% and the first quarter of 2021 recorded as 90.75%,” the report said.

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Business & Economy

NERC Orders DisCos to Compensate Band A Customers for Power Supply Shortfalls

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The Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) has directed electricity distribution companies (DisCos) to compensate eligible Band A customers affected by power supply shortfalls recorded between February and March 2026.

In a public notice issued on Wednesday, the commission said the special compensation scheme became necessary following significant electricity generation deficits across the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry (NESI), which prevented some DisCos from meeting the minimum service commitments required for Band A customers.

According to NERC, the supply disruptions were largely caused by inadequate gas supply as well as vandalism of critical gas and transmission infrastructure, factors beyond the direct control of the distribution companies.

The regulator explained that Band A customers are entitled to a minimum of 20 hours of electricity supply daily. It noted that where a Band A feeder recorded an average daily supply of between 18 and 20 hours during the affected period, the existing compensation framework under Addendum No. NERC/2024/003 would continue to apply to both Maximum Demand (MD) and Non-Maximum Demand (Non-MD) customers.

However, NERC stated that Band A feeders that received less than 18 hours of electricity supply per day between February and March 2026 would not be downgraded despite failing to meet the service threshold. Instead, customers connected to such feeders would receive special compensation.

Under the approved arrangement, Non-MD customers will receive compensation equivalent to 20 percent of the approved February 2026 energy cap applicable to their feeder. MD customers, on the other hand, will receive compensation equivalent to 20 percent of the average energy billed per MD customer in February 2026.

The commission further directed that prepaid customers should receive their compensation through electricity token credits, while postpaid customers should benefit through direct bill adjustments.

To ensure transparency, NERC instructed DisCos to clearly communicate the value and period of the compensation to affected customers. The regulator also prohibited distribution companies from using the compensation credits to offset any existing customer debts.

Reaffirming its commitment to consumer protection, NERC said it would closely monitor the implementation of the directive and verify compliance across all distribution companies to ensure that eligible customers receive the compensation due to them.

The commission added that the measure is aimed at safeguarding consumer interests while maintaining the stability and sustainability of Nigeria’s electricity market.

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Nigeria, UK Move to Close £1.2bn Trade Data Gap with Digital Customs Pact

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UK and Nigeria Flags
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Nigeria and the United Kingdom have agreed to deepen customs cooperation through a new digital data-sharing framework aimed at resolving a £1.2 billion discrepancy in bilateral trade figures, a longstanding issue affecting transparency and efficiency between both economies.

The agreement was reached during a high-level meeting in London on March 18, 2026, held on the sidelines of President Bola Tinubu’s state visit under the Nigeria–UK Enhanced Trade and Investment Partnership (ETIP).

According to the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS), the talks brought together Comptroller-General Adewale Adeniyi and Ms. Megan Shaw, Head of International Customs and Border Engagement at His Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC), with discussions focused on customs modernisation, trade data transparency, and operational collaboration.

At the centre of the engagement is a significant mismatch in trade statistics. Nigeria recorded about £504 million worth of imports from the UK in 2024, while UK data shows exports to Nigeria at approximately £1.7 billion over the same period — leaving a gap of roughly £1.2 billion.

Both sides described the discrepancy as structural and agreed on coordinated measures to address it. Chief among these is the proposed implementation of a pre-arrival data exchange system, which will connect digital customs platforms in both countries to improve data accuracy, strengthen risk management, and enhance compliance monitoring.

Adeniyi emphasised that stronger customs collaboration is vital for economic growth and sustainable trade, noting that customs authorities play a key role in ensuring secure and transparent cross-border trade flows.

The meeting also highlighted advancements in customs technology, with the UK showcasing artificial intelligence-driven tools, digital verification systems, and real-time analytics designed to improve cargo processing, risk assessment, and border security.

In addition to addressing the data gap, both countries agreed on several strategic initiatives, including the development of a Customs Mutual Administrative Assistance Framework, technical cooperation on capacity building, and the establishment of a joint engagement mechanism under ETIP.

The NCS said the outcomes of the meeting would enhance operational efficiency, boost trade facilitation, and support Nigeria’s broader economic reform agenda, positioning the country for improved competitiveness in global trade.

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Business & Economy

Nigeria’s “Shockproof” Economy: Cardoso Signals New Era of Stability to London Investors

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CBN Governor, Yemi Cardoso
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Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Governor Olayemi Cardoso issued a bullish assessment of the nation’s financial health yesterday, declaring that aggressive institutional reforms and disciplined monetary policy have built a “stronger capacity” to withstand global economic volatility.

Speaking at the Africa Capital Forum—held on the sidelines of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s state visit to the United Kingdom—Cardoso painted a picture of a Nigerian economy transitioning from a period of emergency stabilization to one of sustained investment.

A Fortress Against Volatility

The Governor’s address focused heavily on the “de-risking” of the Nigerian financial system. By emphasizing a shift toward a predictable policy framework, Cardoso aimed to reassure international stakeholders that the days of opaque, discretionary decision-making are ending.

“We are reviewing our policies with a view to developing meaningful policies and establishing a predictable policy framework to minimise discretion,” Cardoso stated, noting that consistency is the primary tool for reducing investor uncertainty.

The Governor highlighted several critical milestones achieved under the current administration’s reform agenda:

Banking Recapitalization: The CBN reported that over 30 banks have already met new capital requirements.

Notably, 28% of the newly raised funds originated from foreign investors—a metric Cardoso cited as a clear vote of international confidence.

FX Transparency: A new foreign exchange manual has been deployed, stripping away previous restrictions to boost liquidity and simplify operations for multinational businesses.

Remittance Surge: Increased diaspora remittances have bolstered foreign exchange reserves, providing a crucial buffer against external shocks.

Fiscal-Monetary Synergy: In a departure from previous friction, Cardoso noted that the inclusion of fiscal authorities on the CBN Board and the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has synchronized the nation’s broader economic strategy.

The Digital Frontier: “Vision for Nigeria”

Looking ahead, the Governor announced the completion of a new Payments System Vision. This initiative aims to cement Nigeria’s status as the continental leader in digital payments and cross-border transactions, specifically targeting the removal of regulatory hurdles for the nation’s burgeoning fintech sector.

 

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